A Carbon Steel Pipe Fitting
Posted: 03/15/2023 09:32:53 Hits: 7
1. Overview
A carbon steel pipe fitting is currently one of the most widely used pipe fittings. Ferroalloys with a carbon content between 0.02% and 2.04% are collectively referred to as steel. The commonly used steel is carbon steel, and its main materials are ASTM A234, ASTM A105 and ASTM A403. The main products include carbon steel elbows, carbon steel flanges, carbon steel tees, carbon steel crosses, carbon steel reducers and carbon steel stub ends.
1.2 Cast steel
Carbon steel pipe fittings are mostly steel castings, and cast steel is a general term for iron-based alloys used to produce castings that do not undergo eutectic transformation during solidification. Cast steel is an alloy with iron and carbon as the main elements, and the carbon content is between 0 and 2%.
1.3 Cast carbon steel
Cast steel with carbon as the main alloying element and a small number of other elements is cast carbon steel. Cast low-carbon steel has a carbon content of less than 0.25%; cast medium-carbon steel has a carbon content of 0.2% to 0.6%, and cast high-carbon steel has a carbon content greater than 0.6%. As the carbon content increases, the strength of cast carbon steel increases and the hardness increases. Cast carbon steel has good strength, plasticity and toughness, and lower costs.
1.4 Advantages of steel castings
(1) Better design flexibility
This design has the greatest freedom of choice for the shape and size of castings, especially complex shapes and hollow parts, and steel castings can be manufactured by the unique process of core castings, easy to form and change shape and can quickly make finished products according to drawings, which can provide fast response and shorten delivery time.
(2) The great flexibility and variability in metallurgical manufacturing
Different chemical compositions and organizational structures can be selected to meet the needs of different projects. The required mechanical properties and process properties can be obtained through different heat treatment processes.
(3) Improved overall structural strength
Coupled with the weight reduction and short delivery time, competitive advantage in terms of price and economy can be increased due to the good reliability of the project.
(4) The great change in the weight
Small steel castings may only weigh 10g, while large steel castings can reach several tons, tens of tons or even hundreds of tons.
Compared with forged steel parts: the mechanical properties of steel castings are not much different in all directions, and are superior to forged steel parts. Designers must consider the performance of materials in three directions when designing some high-tech products, which highlights the advantages of castings. Regardless of weight, volume and one-time production, steel castings with complex shapes and non-stress concentration can be manufactured easily. Compared with welded structures, welded structures are more flexible than forged steel parts in terms of shapes and sizes, but compared with steel castings, they have the following disadvantages:
A carbon steel pipe fitting is currently one of the most widely used pipe fittings. Ferroalloys with a carbon content between 0.02% and 2.04% are collectively referred to as steel. The commonly used steel is carbon steel, and its main materials are ASTM A234, ASTM A105 and ASTM A403. The main products include carbon steel elbows, carbon steel flanges, carbon steel tees, carbon steel crosses, carbon steel reducers and carbon steel stub ends.
1.2 Cast steel
Carbon steel pipe fittings are mostly steel castings, and cast steel is a general term for iron-based alloys used to produce castings that do not undergo eutectic transformation during solidification. Cast steel is an alloy with iron and carbon as the main elements, and the carbon content is between 0 and 2%.
1.3 Cast carbon steel
Cast steel with carbon as the main alloying element and a small number of other elements is cast carbon steel. Cast low-carbon steel has a carbon content of less than 0.25%; cast medium-carbon steel has a carbon content of 0.2% to 0.6%, and cast high-carbon steel has a carbon content greater than 0.6%. As the carbon content increases, the strength of cast carbon steel increases and the hardness increases. Cast carbon steel has good strength, plasticity and toughness, and lower costs.
1.4 Advantages of steel castings
(1) Better design flexibility
This design has the greatest freedom of choice for the shape and size of castings, especially complex shapes and hollow parts, and steel castings can be manufactured by the unique process of core castings, easy to form and change shape and can quickly make finished products according to drawings, which can provide fast response and shorten delivery time.
(2) The great flexibility and variability in metallurgical manufacturing
Different chemical compositions and organizational structures can be selected to meet the needs of different projects. The required mechanical properties and process properties can be obtained through different heat treatment processes.
(3) Improved overall structural strength
Coupled with the weight reduction and short delivery time, competitive advantage in terms of price and economy can be increased due to the good reliability of the project.
(4) The great change in the weight
Small steel castings may only weigh 10g, while large steel castings can reach several tons, tens of tons or even hundreds of tons.
Compared with forged steel parts: the mechanical properties of steel castings are not much different in all directions, and are superior to forged steel parts. Designers must consider the performance of materials in three directions when designing some high-tech products, which highlights the advantages of castings. Regardless of weight, volume and one-time production, steel castings with complex shapes and non-stress concentration can be manufactured easily. Compared with welded structures, welded structures are more flexible than forged steel parts in terms of shapes and sizes, but compared with steel castings, they have the following disadvantages:
- They are easily deformed during welding. It is difficult to form a streamlined structure.
- There is great internal stress during welding.
- Welding seams affect the appearance and reliability of components.
- Compared with iron castings and other alloy castings: steel castings can be used in various working conditions, and their mechanical properties are better than other alloy castings. The shock absorption, wear resistance and maneuverability of steel castings are not as good as iron castings, and their cost is also higher than those of iron castings.
1.5 Standards
The main implementation standards include American Standards (ANIS) and Japanese Standards (JIS). National standards include the Ministry of Chemical Industry Standards, Standards of Sinopec Pipe Fittings, and Standards of Electric Power Pipe Fittings.
SH3406 "Petrochemical Steel Pipe Flanges"
SH3408 "Steel Butt Welding Seamless Pipe Fittings"
SH3409 "Forged Steel Socket Welding Pipe Fittings"
SH3410 "Steel Plate Butt Welding Pipe Fittings"
GD87-1101 "Typical Design Manual for Steam-Water Pipeline Parts in Thermal Power Plants"
DL/T 515 "Pipe Bends for Power Stations"
American standards
ASME/ANSI B16.9 "Forged Steel Butt Welding Pipe Fittings Made by Factories "
ASME/ANSI B16.11 "Socket Welding and Threaded Forged Pipe Fittings"
ASME/ANSI B16.28 "Steel Butt Welding Small Radius Elbows and Return Bends"
ASMEB16.5 "Pipe Flanges and Flange Parts"
MSS SP-43 "Forged Stainless Steel Butt Welding Pipe Fittings"
MSS SP-83 "Socket Welded and Threaded Unions"
MSS SP-97 "Integral Reinforced Seats for Socket Welded, Threaded, and Butt Weld Ends"
The main implementation standards include American Standards (ANIS) and Japanese Standards (JIS). National standards include the Ministry of Chemical Industry Standards, Standards of Sinopec Pipe Fittings, and Standards of Electric Power Pipe Fittings.
SH3406 "Petrochemical Steel Pipe Flanges"
SH3408 "Steel Butt Welding Seamless Pipe Fittings"
SH3409 "Forged Steel Socket Welding Pipe Fittings"
SH3410 "Steel Plate Butt Welding Pipe Fittings"
GD87-1101 "Typical Design Manual for Steam-Water Pipeline Parts in Thermal Power Plants"
DL/T 515 "Pipe Bends for Power Stations"
American standards
ASME/ANSI B16.9 "Forged Steel Butt Welding Pipe Fittings Made by Factories "
ASME/ANSI B16.11 "Socket Welding and Threaded Forged Pipe Fittings"
ASME/ANSI B16.28 "Steel Butt Welding Small Radius Elbows and Return Bends"
ASMEB16.5 "Pipe Flanges and Flange Parts"
MSS SP-43 "Forged Stainless Steel Butt Welding Pipe Fittings"
MSS SP-83 "Socket Welded and Threaded Unions"
MSS SP-97 "Integral Reinforced Seats for Socket Welded, Threaded, and Butt Weld Ends"
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