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3. Historical failures and maintenance summary On June 25, 2006, cracking occurred at the same position as the reducer of the high-pressure steam main pipe of the No. 1 furnace. The cracking position was located on the fusion line of the small end’s welding seam of the reducer, and cracked from...

Abstract: The cracking process of the reducer’s welding seam on the ultra-high pressure steam pipeline of the 220kt/an ethylene plant of PetroChina Dushanzi Petrochemical Company is described. The visual inspection, alloy analysis, on-site metallographic coating, and hardness testing of the reducer’s...

1.1 Elbows Elbows are mainly used to change the direction of pipes. There are two manufacturing and forming processes: one is the medium-frequency induction heating pushing process of steel pipe and the other is the press forming process of the steel pipe. There are differences between the two processes...

In the construction and engineering field, stainless steel tees have emerged as an indispensable component. These tees, made from a combination of iron, chromium, and other alloying elements, possess remarkable qualities that make them highly sought after in various industries. Firstly, stainless steel...

Pipe tees are a fundamental component in pipe systems, serving as connectors for pipes of different diameters. These pipe fittings have a T-shaped design, with one inlet and two outlets at 90-degree angles. Pipe tees play a crucial role in directing the flow of fluids and ensuring efficient distribution...

4. Scanning electron microscope observation and energy spectrum analysis The black powder remaining in the gas collecting pipe after shutdown was analyzed by scanning electron microscope energy spectrometers, and the results are shown in Figure 7. It shows that the main component of the powder is Fe...

Abstract: The material taken from the failure part of the gas collection pipe outlet pipe cap in the radiation chamber of the steam superheating furnace was inspected for the macroscopic morphology of the corrosion part, chemical composition, inclusions, metallographic structure, oxides, scanning electron...

Carbon steel pipe fittings with higher carbon content have better hardness and strength. They are used to connect two pipes with the same nominal diameter to make the pipe turn 90 degrees.   Classifications of carbon steel pipe fittings Carbon steel can be divided into carbon structural steel,...

Nowadays, with the rapid development of aviation enterprises, there are many applications of tee fittings to the system of aircraft. In traditional applications, the butt welding process or fillet welding process is used for forming the tee, as shown in Figure 1. Figure (a) is a butt welding that welds...

Hydroforming is a plastic forming process in which a certain force-transmitting medium fills the cavity of the tube blank and forms the tube from the inside out. Hydroforming is currently used as a precision forming technology for manufacturing some thin-walled tube parts with complex shapes, and it...